Gathering at Kargil Chowk, Patna during fast

Gathering at Kargil Chowk, Patna during fast
ANNA HAZARE JINDABAAD
Showing posts with label Farmer. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Farmer. Show all posts

Monday, October 17, 2011

GM Free Bihar Movement Rejects BRAI Bill



Patna, October 16, 2011: The GM Free Bihar Movement today rejected the Biotechnology Regulatory Authority of India (BRAI) Bill as anti-people and anti-nature, saying that the Bihar Government should also pitch in immediately to stall the Bill before it becomes a law. At a dharna held at the Kargil Chowk, farmers and activists also started a signature campaign against the Bill which they said denied State Governments their authority over Agriculture and Health, which are primarily state subjects. 

They felt that besides other failings, there is urgent need to review the Bill before its introduction to the Parliament so that the interests of farmers could be protected and that the Bill should be introduced not by the Ministry of Science and Technology but by the Ministry of Health or Ministry of Environment & Forests. 

The speakers at the protest also attacked the Bill for its attempts to bypass the citizens’ Right to Information, as they said, “This Bill, through Section 28, expressly seeks to classify some information as Confidential Commercial Information and leaves it to the discretion of officials of the Authority to share or not share this information.”

“This is regressive, given that the Bt brinjal controversy saw express Supreme Court orders to the regulators asking them to put out all the biosafety data in the public domain,” said Rekha Modi, a Senior Activist from Bihar. She further said that the Bill has very weak penal clauses and does not address liability issues at all.

“The bill will affect our farmers, it will hit our villages. But even then it does not provide for consultation with people at our panchayat levels which is most shocking," said Pankaj Bhushan, the convener of the GM Free Bihar Movement. 

Bhushan said Indian farmers have lakhs of varieties of crops developed through their knowledge that will be under threat if the bill in present form becomes law. “That is what we are protesting because we want our farmers, our nature to be protected for they are our real wealth with which we are born,” he added. 

Even the noted agricultural scientist M S Swaminathan recently criticised the proposed Biotechnology Regulatory Authority of India (Brai) bill, saying it is against the spirit of Father of Nation Mahatma Gandhi and decentralised governance.

The GM Free Bihar Movement also pointed to a recent press release issued by Senior National Advisory Council Member & associated with The National Campaign for People’s Right to Information (NCPRI) Ms. Aruna Roy, who too criticized the BRAI Bill for total lack of transparency and being an antidote to RTI.
Activist & member GM Free Bihar Movement, Prakash Bablu said The BRAI Bill is also a regrettable attempt to curtail spaces for people’s participation and democratic oversight in decisions that could affect the lives of the entire population of our country.
The fact that this Bill has been listed for introduction in Parliament with no discussion of its contents in the public domain is an indication of the intent to push this bill through without discussion and debate, said Prof. Nawal Kishore, from Patna University, Patna. He further added that whole system has come under the control of Corporates, so such movement is required to save ourselves.
Social Worker Archna Sharma said this bill will end our food choice in near future.
Pankaj Bhushan
Convener, GM Free Bihar Movement
National Co Convener, Alliance for Sustainable & Holitic Agriculture (ASHA)
9472999999


Friday, October 7, 2011

ग्रामीण भारत की लूट

पटना, 8 अक्तूबर 2011.
प्रधानमंत्री की अध्यक्षता वाले योजना आयोग ने उच्चतम न्यायालय में हलफनामा दाखिल किया है कि भारत के शहरी क्षेत्रों में ३२ रु. और ग्रामीण इलाकों में २६ रु. प्रतिदिन आमदनी वाला व्यक्ति निर्धन नहीं है. इसपर देशव्यापी तीखी प्रतिक्रिया हुई है. एक ओर भारत विश्व की आर्थिक महाशक्ति के रूप में उभर रहा है और दूसरी ओर देश की ७७ फीसदी आबादी २० रु. प्रतिदिन से निम्न आय पर गुजारा कर रही है. ८ फीसदी की वृद्धिदर से अर्थव्यवस्था संचालित हो रही है किन्तु सकल घरेलू उत्पाद की यह वृद्धि ऊपर के १० फीसदी तक ही सीमित हो गयी है. प्रधानमंत्री और योजना आयोग के उपाध्यक्ष भारत को जिस दिशा में ले जा रहें हैं वह संविधान की प्रस्तावना में दर्ज समाजवादी समाजरचना की ओर निश्चित ही नहीं जा रही है.
देश में हकदारी के भिन्न-भिन्न मानदंड हैं. संगठित वर्ग के लिए परिवार के लिए भरण पोषण का आधार माना जाता है जिसके अनुसार छठवें वेतन आयोग के तहत न्यूनतम १५ हजार रु. प्रतिमाह वेतन बनता है. असंगठित वर्ग के लिए व्यक्तिगत भरन पोषण को आधार माना गया है जिसके तहत लगभग १२५ रु. प्रतिदिन का पारिश्रमिक तय होता है. गरीबी रेखा को तय करने में जो भी मानदंड अपनाये गये हैं वे योजना आयोग के दिमाग की उपज है. संविधान के अनुछेद १४ में सभी नागरिकों के लिए कानून के समान संरक्षण की बात कही गयी है. मानवधिकारों की विश्वव्यापी घोषणा के अनुछेद २३(३) में सभी को पारिवारिक वेतन की पात्रता का प्रावधान है. अमेरिका में ८ डॉलर प्रतिघंटा और ब्रिटेन में ५ पौंड प्रतिघंटा की दर से न्यूनतम पारिश्रमिक निर्धारित है जो परिवार की आवश्यकता पर आधारित है. भारतीय संविधान के अनुच्छेद ४३ में खेतिहर मजदूर, अन्य श्रमिक और किसान के लिए निर्वाह मजदूरी का उल्लेख है. कदाचित इसी के तहत भारत में असंगठित वर्ग को उनकी वाजिब हकदारी का लगभग एक पंचमांश (मात्र २०%) वेतन दिया जाता है. देश में बढ़ रही गैर-बराबरी और ग्रामीण आबादी में बढ़ रही कंगाली का यही मूलभूत कारण है.
खाद्द्यान्न का समर्थन मूल्य तय करने में किसान के पारिश्रमिक की गणना भी अन्यायपूर्ण तरीके से करके वाजिब धनराशि का पंचमांश (मात्र २०%) शामिल किया जाता है. देश के लगभग ५ लाख गांवों का व्यवस्थित तरीके से शोषण हो रहा है और लूट की यह राशि संगठित वर्ग की झोली में एकत्र हो रही है. नेता, अफसर, कम्पनियाँ और बिचौलिए लूट का अधिकांश समेट कर विदेशी बैंकों में उसे जमा कर लेते हैं.
भ्रष्टाचार और कुशासन से मुक्ति तथा विदेशी बैंकों में जमा काले धन की वापसी के लिए देश में चल रहा आन्दोलन वास्तव में ग्रामीण भारत की लूट में शामिल वर्ग के विरुद्ध है. व्यवस्था परिवर्तन से इस लूट पर अंकुश लगेगा और ग्रामीण भारत में खुशहाली लौटेगी.
ब्रिटिश हुकूमत की बुनियाद खेतिहर समाज से लगान के रूप में उगाही तथा जंगलों की कटाई से कमाई पर टिकी थी. विधिवत कानून बनाकर शोषणकारी व्यवस्था कायम की गयी थी. १५ अगस्त १९४७ को सत्ता के हस्तांतरण से जो आजादी मिली उसने देश की व्यवस्था को नहीं बदला. संविधान तो बन गया किन्तु उसके भाग चार के आलोक में अंग्रेजी हुकूमत के कानूनों का अनुकूलन नहीं हुआ. आज भी अंग्रेजों के बनाये ३५० कानून प्रचलन में हैं और असंगठित वर्ग की आबादी वाले ग्रामीण समाज का शोषण विधिवत चल रहा है. शहरी झुग्गी झोपड़ियों में ग्रामीण गरीबी का विस्तार हमें दीखता है. यह वर्ग भी असंगठित श्रमिकों में शामिल है तथा अपनी वाजिब हकदारी के पंचमांश में गुजारा करने को मजबूर हैं.
भारत में राजाश्रय प्राप्त १०% संगठित वर्ग द्वारा ९०% असंगठित और उपेक्षित वर्ग का शोषण करके उनके मानवाधिकारों का हनन किया जा रहा है. इस शोषण में संलग्न वर्ग ही व्यवस्था के हर महत्वपूर्ण पदों पर आसीन है इसलिए इस अन्याय के विरुद्ध चुप्पी का षड़यंत्र दीखता है.

Wednesday, September 7, 2011

Corruption behind farm-crisis


Farmers are at the receiving end of corrupt scientists and officials
I haven’t forgotten that night. Sitting with a group of farmers in a village in Ludhiana district in Punjab, at the height of the Green Revolution, a farmer showed me a bag of fertiliser that he brought from the market.
“Why are you showing me this bag”, I asked. “Wait”, he said, and began to open the bag. It was only when he crushed the granules with his hands that I realised why he wanted me to see the fertiliser bag. The fertiliser was spurious. The jute bag, neatly packed and branded, contained mud granules.
Several years later I was travelling in the villages of Warangal district in Andhra Pradesh to understand the reasons behind the spate of farm suicides that had first rocked the nation. This was in 1997 when 37 farmers committed suicide in this district alone. While everyone blamed the weather gods for inflicting a terrible blow to farmers, I found spurious pesticides to be the reason for the failure of the cotton crop.
More than 80 per cent of pesticides sold in Warangal district that year were later found to be fake.
Two and a half decades later, agriculture is in ruins. The story of slow death of agriculture across the country is the same. Dying crop fields, and crying farmers. With degraded soils, depleting groundwater, and chemical pesticides playing havoc with the environment, agriculture is in terrible distress. With farming becoming a losing proposition, and with the entire equation going wrong, agriculture is witnessing a mass exodus.
While academicians, economists and policy makers are ascribing several complex reasons for the decline of agriculture, the dark underbelly has somehow remained unexposed. What has actually eaten into the vitals of agriculture over the years is rampant corruption. It is like the vultures swarming around a dead animal carcase. Believe it or not, the despicable farm scenario is no less gory.
Fake and sub-standard inputs – seeds, fertiliser, pesticides and machinery is only one part of the story. With quality control in complete shambles, and with many testing laboratories known to have a fixed price tag for approving samples, farmers are always on the receiving end. No wonder, the post of plant protection officers as well as quality control is one of the most sought after in the State Departments of Agriculture.
Massive public outlays under the National Horticulture Mission, Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojna, and the National Food Security Mission are in fact being used as grants. When I see the misuse of these outlays, often going into the pockets of senior farm officials, I have always wondered why the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) has refrained from focusing on the flagrant misuse of resources in the name of food security.
Agricultural officials and input suppliers have always maintained a cosy relationship. Even where upright officials have blacklisted erring firms, it isn’t difficult to pull down the shutters and then float a new company. Over the years, I have seen the business growing for those who were once known to be selling sub-standard products.
If you think scientific research, agricultural development and policy framing is devoid of corruption you are grossly mistaken. Much of what hits the farmer is the result of wrong policies.
Fly-by-night operators adorn the seed industry, and despite seed laws spelling out stringent punishment for marketing fake seeds, the market is full of spurious seeds. Bihar Chief Minister Nitish Kumar had recently said that a big seed company had supplied inferior maize hybrid seed, and had refused to account for the losses. Ultimately, Bihar government had to pay for the Rs 60-crore loss.
Post harvest, the travails of a farmer take a different turn. In areas where procurement centres and mandis exist (mainly in the Green Revolution belt of Punjab, Haryana, western UP and some parts of Madhya Pradesh), invariably farmers are at the mercy of the arhtiyas and the mandi agents. In rest of the country, the farmer is exploited, fleeced and ends up selling his produce in distress. It will not be wrong to say that it is a nightmare for a farmer to get a fair price for his produce and that too after putting in so much of hard labour.
Banks, money lenders and micro-credit agencies have been perpetual suckers. Several studies have pointed to the mismanagement (and corruption) in distribution of bank credit to be the primary reason for the agrarian crisis. Usurping interest charged by micro-finance institutions, often exceeding 24 per cent and that too to be repaid at weekly intervals, as well as the dependence on private money lenders has been the bane of farming.
A recent study by NABARD shows how farmers are being duped by nationalised banks. Farmers are being charged double the interest rate for subsidised credit as announced in the annual budget last year. Against the provision of a maximum of 7 per cent interest, banks have included the contingency expenses and other costs, which in reality means the farmer has to shell out an interest of 14 per cent.
If you think scientific research, agricultural development and policy framing is devoid of corruption you are grossly mistaken. Much of what hits the farmer is the result of wrong policies. These policies are framed keeping the interest of service providers before farmers. But then, it is topic for another day.